Elsevier, Comptes Rendus Physique, 4(12), p. 417-432
DOI: 10.1016/j.crhy.2011.04.013
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Review paper written in the name of IFRAF to celebrate 50 years of lasers and their applications to cold atom physics; 15 pages, 2 figures; published in Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Physique, Paris. ; International audience ; In this review, we discuss the impact of the development of lasers on ultracold atoms and molecules and their applications. After a brief historical review of laser cooling and Bose-Einstein condensation, we present important applications of ultra cold atoms, including time and frequency metrology, atom interferometry and inertial sensors, atom lasers, simulation of condensed matter systems, production and study of strongly correlated systems, and production of ultracold molecules.