Abstract Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) represents a class of remarkable porous materials composed of organic building blocks that are covalently linked in a periodic manner to form crystalline structures. High surface area, high porosity, tunable pore size, and high stability are their exceptional properties, which make them attractive candidates for various applications in the fields of catalysis, energy storage devices, biomedical applications, gas separation and storage applications. In fact, the great interest shown in COFs gave us a stimulus to review the output of the recent substantial efforts in this area. Meanwhile, the development of portable and sophisticated systems based on these particles is believed to create deeper insights for the scientists to embark on new investigations to pave the way for discovering new fundamental characteristics of COFs, modifications. Furthermore, the effect of modifications/fractionalizations on the performance of COFs will be thoroughly explained and challenging problems are mentioned. Moreover, the paper covers an inclusive collection of referenced recent research articles, providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter and an extensive bibliography for further exploration. Through this comprehensive overview, the paper alleviates the noteworthy contributions of COFs in driving innovation and progress in a range of key scientific disciplines.