Published in

MDPI, Sensors, 19(22), p. 7415, 2022

DOI: 10.3390/s22197415

Links

Tools

Export citation

Search in Google Scholar

An Integrated Framework for Multi-State Driver Monitoring Using Heterogeneous Loss and Attention-Based Feature Decoupling

Journal article published in 2022 by Zhongxu Hu ORCID, Yiran Zhang ORCID, Yang Xing ORCID, Qinghua Li, Chen Lv ORCID
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

Full text: Download

Green circle
Preprint: archiving allowed
Green circle
Postprint: archiving allowed
Green circle
Published version: archiving allowed
Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Multi-state driver monitoring is a key technique in building human-centric intelligent driving systems. This paper presents an integrated visual-based multi-state driver monitoring framework that incorporates head rotation, gaze, blinking, and yawning. To solve the challenge of head pose and gaze estimation, this paper proposes a unified network architecture that tackles these estimations as soft classification tasks. A feature decoupling module was developed to decouple the extracted features from different axis domains. Furthermore, a cascade cross-entropy was designed to restrict large deviations during the training phase, which was combined with the other features to form a heterogeneous loss function. In addition, gaze consistency was used to optimize its estimation, which also informed the model architecture design of the gaze estimation task. Finally, the proposed method was verified on several widely used benchmark datasets. Comprehensive experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed method and the experimental results showed that the proposed method could achieve a state-of-the-art performance compared to other methods.