Published in

Optica, Optics Letters, 6(48), p. 1498, 2023

DOI: 10.1364/ol.479114

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High-sensitivity vector bend sensor based on a fiber directional coupler inscribed by a femtosecond laser

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

In this Letter, we demonstrate a high-sensitivity vector bend sensor based on a fiber directional coupler. The fiber directional coupler is composed of two parallel waveguides inscribed within a no-core fiber (NCF) by a femtosecond laser. Since the two written waveguides have closely matched refractive indices and geometries, the transmission spectrum of the fiber directional coupler possesses periodic resonant dips. Such a fiber directional coupler exhibits a good bending-dependent spectral shift response due to its asymmetric structure. Experimental results show that bending sensitivities of −97.11 nm/m−1 and 58.22 nm/m−1 are achieved for the 0° and 180° orientations in the curvature range of 0–0.62 m−1, respectively. In addition, the proposed fiber directional coupler is shown to be insensitive to external humidity changes, thus improving its suitability in high-accuracy bending measurements.