Dissemin is shutting down on January 1st, 2025

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SAGE Publications, Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 1(28), p. 49-60, 2021

DOI: 10.1177/13524585211007086

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Central vein sign and other radiographic features distinguishing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) can radiographically mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Central vein sign (CVS) prevalence has not yet been well-established in MOGAD. Objective: Characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and CVS prevalence of MOGAD patients in comparison to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD. Methods: Clinical MRIs from 26 MOGAD patients were compared to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD. Brain MRIs were assessed for involvement within predefined regions of interest. CVS was assessed by overlaying fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and susceptibility-weighted sequences. Topographic analyses were performed on spinal cord and orbital MRIs when available. Results: MOGAD patients had fewer brain lesions and average CVS+ rate of 12.1%, compared to 44.4% in MS patients ( p = 0.0008). MOGAD spinal cord and optic nerve involvement was lengthier than MS (5.8 vs 1.0 vertebral segments, p = 0.020; 3.0 vs 0.5 cm, p < 0.0001). MOGAD patients tended to have bilateral/anterior optic nerve pathology with perineural contrast enhancement, contrasting with posterior optic nerve involvement in NMOSD. Conclusion: CVS+ rate and longer segments of involvement in the spinal cord and optic nerve can differentiate MOGAD from MS, but do not discriminate as well between MOGAD and AQP4+ NMOSD.