AbstractPurposeA 128‐channel receive‐only array for brain imaging at 7 T was simulated, designed, constructed, and tested within a high‐performance head gradient designed for high‐resolution functional imaging.MethodsThe coil used a tight‐fitting helmet geometry populated with 128 loop elements and preamplifiers to fit into a 39 cm diameter space inside a built‐in gradient. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and parallel imaging performance (1/g) were measured in vivo and simulated using electromagnetic modeling. The histogram of 1/g factors was analyzed to assess the range of performance. The array's performance was compared to the industry‐standard 32‐channel receive array and a 64‐channel research array.ResultsIt was possible to construct the 128‐channel array with body noise–dominated loops producing an average noise correlation of 5.4%. Measurements showed increased sensitivity compared with the 32‐channel and 64‐channel array through a combination of higher intrinsic SNR and g‐factor improvements. For unaccelerated imaging, the 128‐channel array showed SNR gains of 17.6% and 9.3% compared to the 32‐channel and 64‐channel array, respectively, at the center of the brain and 42% and 18% higher SNR in the peripheral brain regions including the cortex. For R = 5 accelerated imaging, these gains were 44.2% and 24.3% at the brain center and 86.7% and 48.7% in the cortex. The 1/g‐factor histograms show both an improved mean and a tighter distribution by increasing the channel count, with both effects becoming more pronounced at higher accelerations.ConclusionThe experimental results confirm that increasing the channel count to 128 channels is beneficial for 7T brain imaging, both for increasing SNR in peripheral brain regions and for accelerated imaging.