AbstractA suite of high resolution cameras onboard the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover have provided an unparalleled look at active aeolian processes on Mars, including within the first active dune field explored on another planet, the Bagnold Dunes. Here we present results from a subset of MSL's repeat imaging (“change detection”) experiments with temporal resolutions sufficient to probe the diurnal variability in winds within Gale crater. Images reveal that saltation is a near‐daily phenomenon during southern summer, with repeatable diurnal circulation patterns producing steady impact ripple migration toward the west/southwest. Nighttime fluxes are inferred to be ∼four times larger than daytime fluxes, consistent with predictions from the MarsWRF model of multiple periods of enhanced wind between sunset and sunrise. Multiple factors are likely facilitating saltation at this time: (a) time‐averaged nighttime winds have a higher degree of variance (i.e., higher peak friction speeds) than daytime winds, (b) interactions between regional Hadley flows and local, thermally driven slope winds cause increased turbulence at night, and (c) relatively higher atmospheric density produces correspondingly higher shear stresses and decreases critical thresholds. Observations of sand transport at a range of spatiotemporal scales (down to scale of individual particles moving on the timescale of seconds) support the idea that bedform migration is driven by intermittent, low‐flux saltation events when winds fluctuate between canonical impact and fluid thresholds. Yet, whereas gustiness may play a role in initiating transport, saltation is found to be highly predictable on diurnal timescales and is only stochastic on the shortest timescales characteristic of turbulent fluctuations in wind.