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Elsevier, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 9(79), p. 2132, 2022

DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(22)03123-0

MDPI, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6(12), p. 2116, 2023

DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062116

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Age-Related Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mechanical Reperfusion and 30-Day Mortality for STEMI: Results of the ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 Registry

Journal article published in 2023 by Giuseppe De Luca ORCID, Magdy Algowhary ORCID, Berat Uguz, Dinaldo Cavalcanti Oliveira ORCID, Marek Milewski, Vladimir Ganyukov ORCID, Oliver Busljetik, Miha Cercek, M. Milewski, Lisette Okkels Jensen, Poay Huan Loh, Lucian Calmac ORCID, Gerard Roura I. Ferrer, Alexandre S. Quadros, Fortunato Scotto D’Uccio and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Background: The constraints in the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been suggested to have severely impacted mortality levels. The aim of the current analysis is to evaluate the age-related effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality for STEMI within the registry ISACS-STEMI COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter registry was performed in high-volume PPCI centers on four continents and included STEMI patients undergoing PPCI in March–June 2019 and 2020. Patients were divided according to age (< or ≥75 years). The main outcomes were the incidence and timing of PPCI, (ischemia time longer than 12 h and door-to-balloon longer than 30 min), and in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Results: We included 16,683 patients undergoing PPCI in 109 centers. In 2020, during the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in PPCI as compared to 2019 (IRR 0.843 (95%-CI: 0.825–0.861, p < 0.0001). We found a significant age-related reduction (7%, p = 0.015), with a larger effect on elderly than on younger patients. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher 30-day mortality during the pandemic period, especially among the elderly (13.6% vs. 17.9%, adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.55 [1.24–1.93], p < 0.001) as compared to younger patients (4.8% vs. 5.7%; adjusted HR (95% CI) = 1.25 [1.05–1.49], p = 0.013), as a potential consequence of the significantly longer ischemia time observed during the pandemic. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the treatment of patients with STEMI, with a 16% reduction in PPCI procedures, with a larger reduction and a longer delay to treatment among elderly patients, which may have contributed to increase in-hospital and 30-day mortality during the pandemic.