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Wiley, Advanced Energy Materials, 13(12), 2022

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202103534

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Low‐Temperature‐Processed Stable Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules: A Comprehensive Review

Journal article published in 2022 by Sathy Harshavardhan Reddy ORCID, Francesco Di Giacomo ORCID, Aldo Di Carlo ORCID
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

AbstractThe impending commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is plodding despite the booming power conversion efficiencies and high stabilities. Most high‐performance, stable PSCs are often processed partially with high‐temperature processes, increasing the cost of production and energy payback time. Low‐temperature‐processed PSCs are crucial as they cut down the expenses lowering the barriers to industrial use. In addition, low‐temperature‐processed methods have a wide range of applicability in flexible devices and for tandem applications with other photovoltaic technologies where the temperature budget is limited. Therefore, making stable PSCs under ambient conditions as well as providing low‐cost fabrication techniques is highly desirable. Here, a detailed review is presented on the development of the low‐temperature process strategies for fabricating highly stable PSCs and perovskite solar modules. The effectiveness of low‐temperature processing in various classes of materials is also discussed. First, the authors introduce some major degradation processes in PSCs. Then, the developments and evolving strategies of notable materials using low‐temperature processing routes and a correlation with stability are summarized. A few general trends which are related to stability are also discussed. Overall, this review contributes to a better understanding of the status of low‐temperature‐processed cells and modules.