Mycobacterium ulceransis the causative agent of the chronic, necrotizing skin disease Buruli ulcer. Modes of transmission and molecular mechanisms involved in the establishment ofM.ulceransinfections are poorly understood. Interactions with host glycans are often crucial in bacterial pathogenesis and the 22 kDaM.ulceransprotein MUL_3720 has a putative role in host cell attachment. It has a predictedN-terminal lectin domain and aC-terminal peptidoglycan-binding domain and is highly expressed on the surface of the bacilli. Here we report the glycan-binding repertoire of whole, fixedM.ulceransbacteria and of purified, recombinant MUL_3720. On an array comprising 368 diverse biologically relevant glycan structures,M.ulceranscells showed binding to 64 glycan structures, representing several distinct classes of glycans, including sulfated structures. MUL_3720 bound only to glycans containing sulfated galactose and GalNAc, such as glycans known to be associated with keratins isolated from human skin. Surface plasmon resonance studies demonstrated that both whole, fixedM.ulceranscells and MUL_3720 show high affinity interactions with both glycans and human skin keratin extracts. This MUL_3720-mediated interaction with glycans associated with human skin keratin may contribute to the pathobiology of Buruli ulcer.