Abstract Objectives: to check the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorder and associated factors during the postpartum period in puerperal women in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted in an outpatient clinic for newborn care in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, in 2016 and 2017. 250 puerperal women were evaluated with the application of a form to collect anxiety/depression, socioeconomic and gestational data. Descriptive and multiple correspondence analyses were performed. Results: most puerperal women (81.2%) had no depression or a mild depression, 14.4% with mild to moderate depression and 4.4% with moderate to severe depression. In relation to anxiety, 68.4% presented a minimum degree, 21.6% mild anxiety, 7.6% moderate anxiety and 2.4% severe anxiety. Concerning the associated factors with postpartum depression, no sociodemographic variables or those related to childbirth were associated. As for anxiety, yellow/indigenous skin color, lack of paternal support and having interrupted pregnancy were associated with more advanced anxiety conditions. Conclusion: there was no association between demographic and health conditions with postpartum depression; however, regarding anxiety, the yellow/indigenous skin color, the lack of paternal support and the interruption of previous pregnancies were associated with more advanced anxiety conditions.