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Oxford University Press, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2023

DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad588

arXiv, 2022

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2212.01477

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Search for subsolar-mass black hole binaries in the second part of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's third observing run

Journal article published in 1970 by I. C. F. Wong, 曹周键, 劉. 國欽, 隆行 都丸, 王谨, Maria de Lluc Planas, R. Abbott, V. K. Adkins, Y. Zhang, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, D. Agarwal, Michalis Agathos, Ioannis Michaloliakos, Odylio D. Aguiar and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

We describe a search for gravitational waves from compact binaries with at least one component with mass 0.2 $M_⊙$ -- $1.0 M_⊙$ and mass ratio $q ≥ 0.1$ in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 November 2019, 15:00 UTC and 27 March 2020, 17:00 UTC. No signals were detected. The most significant candidate has a false alarm rate of 0.2 $\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. We estimate the sensitivity of our search over the entirety of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's third observing run, and present the most stringent limits to date on the merger rate of binary black holes with at least one subsolar-mass component. We use the upper limits to constrain two fiducial scenarios that could produce subsolar-mass black holes: primordial black holes (PBH) and a model of dissipative dark matter. The PBH model uses recent prescriptions for the merger rate of PBH binaries that include a rate suppression factor to effectively account for PBH early binary disruptions. If the PBHs are monochromatically distributed, we can exclude a dark matter fraction in PBHs $f_\mathrm{PBH} \gtrsim 0.6$ (at 90% confidence) in the probed subsolar-mass range. However, if we allow for broad PBH mass distributions we are unable to rule out $f_\mathrm{PBH} = 1$. For the dissipative model, where the dark matter has chemistry that allows a small fraction to cool and collapse into black holes, we find an upper bound $f_{\mathrm{DBH}} < 10^{-5}$ on the fraction of atomic dark matter collapsed into black holes.