In recent years, the number of super high-rise buildings is increasing due to the rapid development of economy and construction technology. It is important to evaluate the health condition of super high-rise buildings to make them operate safely. However, conventional structural health monitoring (SHM) system requires a great number of wires to connect the sensors, power sources, and the data acquisition equipment, which is an extremely difficult process to plan the layout of all wires. Hence, one of the usually used compromising approaches is to limit the number of sensors to reduce the usage of wires. Recently, wireless sensor networks and cloud platform have been widely used in SHM system for super high-rise buildings because of their convenient installation, low maintenance cost, and flexible deployment. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing SHM system for super high-rise buildings based on wireless sensor network and cloud platform, which usually consists of sensing network subsystem, data acquisition subsystem, data transmission subsystem, and condition evaluation subsystem. This paper also reviews the crucial techniques and typical examples of SHM system used for famous super high-rise buildings. In addition, the existing difficulties in wireless sensor network and cloud platform based SHM system for super high-rise buildings and the future research directions are discussed and summarized.