Sniffing out atherosclerosis Olfactory receptors are best known for their presence in the nose and their role in detecting smells, but they are also present in other tissues and perform additional biological functions. For example, vascular macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis express multiple subtypes of olfactory receptors. Orecchioni et al . focused on olfactory receptor 2, a receptor for the compound octanal, and identified its contribution to atherosclerosis pathogenesis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques (see the Perspective by Rayner and Rasheed). The authors show that most of the octanal was not directly derived from the diet, but rather was generated as a by-product of lipid peroxidation, suggesting a potential pathway for intervention. —YN