Published in
American Society for Microbiology, Microbiology Spectrum, 2(9), 2021
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00138-21
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Cigarette Smoking and Opium Use in Relation to the Oral Microbiota in Iran
Journal article published in 2021 by
Zeni Wu 
,
Yongli Han,
J. Gregory Caporaso,
Nicholas Bokulich,
Ashraf Mohamadkhani,
Alireza Moayyedkazemi,
Xing Hua,
Farin Kamangar,
Yunhu Wan,
Shalabh Suman,
Bin Zhu,
Amy Hutchinson,
Casey Dagnall,
Kristine Jones,
Belynda Hicks
and other authors.
,
Yongli Han,
J. Gregory Caporaso,
Nicholas Bokulich,
Ashraf Mohamadkhani,
Alireza Moayyedkazemi,
Xing Hua,
Farin Kamangar,
Yunhu Wan,
Shalabh Suman,
Bin Zhu,
Amy Hutchinson,
Casey Dagnall,
Kristine Jones,
Belynda Hicks
and other authors.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
Full text: Unavailable
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Abstract
Cigarette smoking and opium use are associated with periodontal disease caused by specific bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis , which suggests a link between cigarette smoking and opium use and the oral microbiota. Alterations of the oral microbiota in cigarette smokers compared to nonsmokers have been reported, but this has not been studied across diverse populations.