Objective. To discuss the changes in the quality of life, psychological status, medication compliance, and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by applying plan-do-check-action (PDCA) cycle management model. Methods. A total of 125 patients with AMI who underwent PCI in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected and divided into control group (n = 62) and research group (n = 63) by the random number method. The conventional nursing measures were used in the control group, and the PDCA cycle management model on the basis of the control group was used in the research group. The changes in the quality of life, psychological status, medication compliance, and prognosis were observed. Results. After intervention, the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 scores and the self-made medication compliance questionnaire score of the research group were higher than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). After intervention, the self-rating anxiety scale score and self-rating depression scale score of the research group were lower than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The total incidence of adverse events in the research group (7.94%) was lower than that in the control group (20.97%) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. After the application of PDCA cycle management model, the quality of life, psychological status, medication compliance, and prognosis of AMI patients who underwent PCI were improved.