BACKGROUND: Laminectomy may cause kyphotic postoperative deformity in the cervical region leading to segmental instability over time. Laminoplasty may be an alternative procedure to laminectomy, as it protects the spine against post-laminectomy kyphosis; however, similar to laminectomy, laminoplasty may cause sagittal plane deformities by destructing or weakening the dorsal tension band. OBJECTIVE: Using finite element analysis (FE), we attempted to determine whether a posterior motion preservation system (PEEK posterior rod system concept) could overcome the postoperative complications of laminectomy and laminoplasty and eliminate the side effects of rigid posterior stabilization in the cervical region. METHODS: We compared PEEK rods in four different diameters with a titanium rod for posterior cervical fixation. The present study may lead to motion preservation systems of the cervical vertebra. RESULTS: When PEEK rod is compared with titanium rod, considerable increase in range of motion is observed. CONCLUSIONS: PEEK rod-lateral mass screw instrumentation systems may be useful in motion preservation surgery of the posterior cervical region.