Published in

American Scientific Publishers, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 10(21), p. 4981-5013, 2021

DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19327

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Nanofabrication Techniques: Challenges and Future Prospects

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

Nanofabrication of functional micro/nano-features is becoming increasingly relevant in various electronic, photonic, energy, and biological devices globally. The development of these devices with special characteristics originates from the integration of low-cost and high-quality micro/nano-features into 3D-designs. Great progress has been achieved in recent years for the fabrication of micro/nanostructured based devices by using different imprinting techniques. The key problems are designing techniques/approaches with adequate resolution and consistency with specific materials. By considering optical device fabrication on the large-scale as a context, we discussed the considerations involved in product fabrication processes compatibility, the feature’s functionality, and capability of bottom-up and top-down processes. This review summarizes the recent developments in these areas with an emphasis on established techniques for the micro/nano-fabrication of 3-dimensional structured devices on large-scale. Moreover, numerous potential applications and innovative products based on the large-scale are also demonstrated. Finally, prospects, challenges, and future directions for device fabrication are addressed precisely.