Objective: Consistent independent associations between lowserum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and susceptibilityto acute respiratory tract infections have suggested apossible involvement of vitamin D in reducing the risk ofrespiratory infections and proposing its replacement as apotential strategy for prevention or treatment in this context.However, the role of vitamin D supplementation in theinfection by the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 isstill under investigation and no clinical evidence has beenreported to date. Methods: Electronic searches in Pubmed,Embase and Scopus databases were conducted and threecohort studies that analyzed the effects of interaction ofvitamin D with COVID-19, published only in English, wereincluded. Two reviewers, which independently examinedtitles and abstracts, identified records through database searchand reference screening and irrelevant studies were excludedbased in eligibility criteria. Relevant full texts were analyzedfor eligibility, and all relevant studies were included in thesystematic review. Results: Three cohort studies were includedin this systematic review with a mean methodologicalquality low. Only one study demonstrated interaction of lowvitamin D concentration in patients with a positive diagnosisfor COVID-19. Randomized clinical trials and studies of goodmethodological quality are necessary to confirm the findingsof this systematic review. Conclusions: This systematic reviewhas not demonstrated consistent associations between lowlevels of vitamin D and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.Further studies on vitamin D supplementation for the preventionof COVID-19 infection should be conducted..