Abstract As the core equipment of power grid, relay protection device plays a key role in the safe and stable operation of power grid. It has become the development strategy of State Grid Corporation of China to research and develop high-performance and high reliability domestic chips and to carry out the localization of core components of relay protection. This paper analyzes the hardware structure of the relay protection device, studies the performance index parameters and performance of the core components of the relay protection device; combined with the operation environment of the relay protection device, analyzes the influencing factors such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc., puts forward a part of the test scheme of the general hardware of the relay protection device based on the domestic core, which is the centralized test of the relay protection device based on the "domestic core" Provide reference basis.