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Nature Research, Nature Genetics, 10(44), p. 1104-1110, 2012

DOI: 10.1038/ng.2396

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Integrative genome analyses identify key somatic driver mutations of small-cell lung cancer

Journal article published in 2012 by Martin Peifer ORCID, Lynnette Fernández-Cuesta, Martin L. Sos, Julie George, Danila Seidel, Lawryn H. Kasper, Dennis Plenker, Frauke Leenders, Ruping Sun, Roopika Menon, Thomas Zander, Mirjam Koker, Ilona Dahmen, Christian Müller, Vincenzo Di Cerbo and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung tumor subtype with poor prognosis(1-3). We sequenced 29 SCLC exomes, 2 genomes and 15 transcriptomes and found an extremely high mutation rate of 7.4 +/- 1 protein-changing mutations per million base pairs. Therefore, we conducted integrated analyses of the various data sets to identify pathogenetically relevant mutated genes. In all cases, we found evidence for inactivation of TP53 and RB1 and identified recurrent mutations in the CREBBP, EP300 and MLL genes that encode histone modifiers. Furthermore, we observed mutations in PTEN, SLIT2 and EPHA7, as well as focal amplifications of the FGFR1 tyrosine kinase gene. Finally, we detected many of the alterations found in humans in SCLC tumors from Tp53 and Rb1 double knockout mice(4). Our study implicates histone modification as a major feature of SCLC, reveals potentially therapeutically tractable genomic alterations and provides a generalizable framework for the identification of biologically relevant genes in the context of high mutational background.