Abstract Most of the rural Algerian communities believed that Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves have therapeutic capacities to treat many gastric diseases and abdomen aches, whereas, the rural habitants of Mitidja, Algeria powdered P. lentiscus L. leaves and consume it fresh in order to heal mild dyspeptic disorders and peptic ulcer. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate and monitor the amount of essential and toxic elements of these leaves. The leaf samples were collected from a place called Mitidja, Algeria in autumn 2014. Thereafter, those samples were subjected to an instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Fourteen elements were assessed (As, Br, Ca, Co, Fe, K, La, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Th and Zn). Where, the elements Ca, Fe, K, Na and Zn presented significant concentrations. On the other hand, it was found that the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of these leaves for an adult person per day, is with the tolerance limits and satisfy the nutritional references. Moreover, P. lentiscus L. leaves might be an important nature supplier source of Ca, K, Na, Fe and Zn for the human body, since these elements are considered as the most dietary supplements recommended by doctors to maintain good health.