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Oxford University Press, Bioinformatics, 20(36), p. 5086-5092, 2020

DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa637

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qSNE: quadratic rate t-SNE optimizer with automatic parameter tuning for large datasets

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

Abstract Motivation Non-parametric dimensionality reduction techniques, such as t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), are the most frequently used methods in the exploratory analysis of single-cell datasets. Current implementations scale poorly to massive datasets and often require downsampling or interpolative approximations, which can leave less-frequent populations undiscovered and much information unexploited. Results We implemented a fast t-SNE package, qSNE, which uses a quasi-Newton optimizer, allowing quadratic convergence rate and automatic perplexity (level of detail) optimizer. Our results show that these improvements make qSNE significantly faster than regular t-SNE packages and enables full analysis of large datasets, such as mass cytometry data, without downsampling. Availability and implementation Source code and documentation are openly available at https://bitbucket.org/anthakki/qsne/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.