Abstract Background American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system and its association with postoperative outcomes has been studied in different diseases. However, there is a paucity of studies on the relationship between ASA class and postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes following total hip replacement (THR). The aim of this study was to assess the discriminative abilities of EQ-5D-3L value sets from Sweden, Germany, Denmark and the United Kingdom in relation to ASA classes and these value sets’ abilities to show the predictive performance of ASA classes on HRQoL among THR patients in Sweden. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted using data of patients in the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register who underwent THR between 2008 and 2016. We included 69,290 pre- and 1-year postoperative records and 21,305 6-year postoperative records. The study examined three experience-based EQ-5D-3L value sets (the Swedish VAS and TTO and the German VAS) and five hypothetical value sets (TTO from Germany and VAS and TTO value sets from Denmark and the UK each). Using linear models, the abilities of the value sets to discriminate among ASA classes and to show the predictive performance of ASA classes on HRQoL score were assessed. Results All value sets differentiated among ASA classes and showed the predictive effect of ASA classes on HRQoL. ASA classes were found to predict HRQoL consistently for all value sets investigated, with small variations in prediction error among the models. Conclusion ASA classes of patients undergoing THR predicted HRQoL scores significantly and consistently, indicating their importance in tailoring care for patients.