Disability reflects physical impairment and the influence of psychosocial factors. We investigated the relationship between disability and psychosocial factors in patients with upper extremity pathology. Ninety-two patients at a hand clinic were evaluated to assess disability, pain intensity, health status and psychosocial factors (pain catastrophizing, depression). Statistical analyses evaluated the relationships among disability and patient and psychosocial factors. Moderate levels of disability from all types of pathology were reported and associated with pain catastrophizing, pain and depression. Health status Short Form 36 domains were not correlated with disability as determined by Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scores. A strong correlation was found between DASH and QuickDASH scores, but the QuickDASH scored significantly higher by 4 points. Pain catastrophizing was the strongest predictor of disability and explained 59% and 63% of variation in disability scores. Independent of pathology, those patients experiencing psychosocial issues, as well as demographic factors (i.e. employment status and age), were more likely to have disability with hand conditions and surgical procedures. We conclude from this study that psychological factors affect patient-reported outcomes. Level of evidence: IV