Wiley-Blackwell, 2019
DOI: 10.15480/882.4665
Wiley, International Economic Review, 1(61), p. 283-320, 2020
DOI: 10.1111/iere.12424
This study measures higher order risk preferences and their consistency. We explore the role of country differences, the variation of stakes, and the framing of lotteries. We observe a robust dichotomous pattern of choice behavior in China, the United States, and Germany. The majority of choices are consistent with mixed risk aversion or mixed risk-loving behavior. We also find this pattern after a 10-fold increase in the stakes. Finally, our results reveal that this pattern is strengthened if the lotteries are displayed in compound instead of reduced form. In a follow-up study, we explore potential explanations for this framing effect.