Published in

American Astronomical Society, Astrophysical Journal, 1(879), p. 10, 2019

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab20cb

arXiv, 2019

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1902.08507

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Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars at Two Harmonics in 2015-2017 LIGO Data

Journal article published in 2019 by M. de Laurentis, R. de Pietri, R. de Rosa, Benjamin P. Abbott, C. de Rossi, R. Abbott, Td D. Abbott, S. Abraham, Fausto Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, Rana X. Adhikari, Vb B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Preprint: archiving forbidden
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Postprint: archiving forbidden
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Published version: archiving allowed
Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

We present a search for gravitational waves from 221 pulsars with rotation frequencies $\gtrsim 10$ Hz. We use advanced LIGO data from its first and second observing runs spanning 2015-2017, which provides the highest-sensitivity gravitational-wave data so far obtained. In this search we target emission from both the $l = m = 2$ mass quadrupole mode, with a frequency at twice that of the pulsar's rotation, and from the $l = 2$, $m = 1$ mode, with a frequency at the pulsar rotation frequency. The search finds no evidence for gravitational-wave emission from any pulsar at either frequency. For the $l = m = 2$ mode search, we provide updated upper limits on the gravitational-wave amplitude, mass quadrupole moment, and fiducial ellipticity for 167 pulsars, and the first such limits for a further 55. For 20 young pulsars these results give limits that are below those inferred from the pulsars' spin-down. For the Crab and Vela pulsars our results constrain gravitational-wave emission to account for less than 0.017% and 0.18% of the spin-down luminosity, respectively. For the recycled millisecond pulsar J0711-6830 our limits are only a factor of 1.3 above the spin-down limit, assuming the canonical value of $10^{38}$ kg m$^2$ for the star's moment of inertia, and imply a gravitational-wave-derived upper limit on the star's ellipticity of $1.2\!\times\!10^{-8}$. We also place new limits on the emission amplitude at the rotation frequency of the pulsars.