The use of nanostructure materials as heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of organic compounds have been receiving more attention in the rapid developing area of nanotechnology. In this review, we mainly focused on our own work on the synthesis of hybrid palladium–iron oxide nanoparticles. We discuss the synthesis of Pd–Fe3O4—both morphology-controlled synthesis of Pd–Fe3O4 and transition metal-loaded Pd–Fe3O4—as well as its application in various C–C coupling reactions. In the case of rose-like Pd–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles, thermal decomposition can be used instead of oxidants or reductants, and morphology can be easily controlled. We have developed a method for the synthesis of nanoparticles that is facile and eco-friendly. The catalyst was recyclable for up to five continual cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity and may provide a great platform as a catalyst for other organic reactions in the near future.