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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Environmental Health Perspectives, 1(123), p. 101-107, 2015

DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408163

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Prenatal Phthalate Exposures and Anogenital Distance in Swedish Boys

Journal article published in 2014 by Carl-Gustaf Bornehag ORCID, Fredrik Carlstedt, Bo Ag-G. Jönsson ORCID, Christian H. Lindh, Tina Kold Jensen, Anna Bodin, Carin Jonsson, Staffan Janson, Shanna H. Swan
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Background: Phthalates are used as plasticizers in soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and in a large number of consumer products. Because of reported health risks, diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) has been introduced as a replacement for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in soft PVC. This raises concerns because animal data suggest that DiNP may have antiandrogenic properties similar to those of DEHP. The anogenital distance (AGD)—the distance from the anus to the genitals—has been used to assess reproductive toxicity.