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Oxford University Press, Brain, 6(135), p. 1668-1681, 2011

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr224

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The non-motor syndrome of primary dystonia: clinical and pathophysiological implications

Journal article published in 2011 by Maria Stamelou, Mark J. Edwards ORCID, Mark Hallett, Kailash P. Bhatia ORCID
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Dystonia is typically considered a movement disorder characterized by motor manifestations, primarily involuntary muscle contractions causing twisting movements and abnormal postures. However, growing evidence indicates an important non-motor component to primary dystonia, including abnormalities in sensory and perceptual functions, as well as neuropsychiatric, cognitive and sleep domains. Here, we review this evidence and discuss its clinical and pathophysiological implications.