In a previous study, we identified TRIB1, a serine-threonine kinase-like molecule, as a biomarker of chronic antibody-mediated rejection of human kidneys when measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Here we focused our analysis on a specific subset of PBMC that play a dominant role in regulating immune responses in health and disease, so-called CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T-cells (Tregs). We isolated both human and murine Tregs and non-Tregs counterparts and analyzed TRIB1 and Foxp3 mRNA expression by quantitative PCR on the freshly isolated cells or following 24h activation. Physical interaction between the human TRIB1 and Foxp3 proteins was analyzed in live cell lines by the Protein Complementation Assay (PCA) using both flow cytometry and microscopy, and confirmed in primary freshly-isolated human CD4+CD25hiCD127- Tregs by co-immunoprecipitation. Both TRIB1 and Foxp3 were expressed at significantly higher levels in Tregs than in their CD4+CD25- counterparts (p<0.001). Moreover TRIB1 and Foxp3 mRNA levels correlated tightly in Tregs (Spearman r = 1.0; p<0.001, n = 7), but not in CD4+CD25- T cells. The PCA revealed a direct physical interaction between TRIB1 and Foxp3 in live cells. This interaction was impaired upon deletion of the TRIB1 N-terminal but not the C-terminal domain, suggesting an interaction in the nucleus. This direct interaction within the nucleus was confirmed in primary human Tregs by co-immunoprecipitation. These data show a direct relationship between TRIB1 and Foxp3 in terms of their expression and physical interaction and highlight Tribbles-1 as a novel binding partner of Foxp3 in Tregs.