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BMJ Publishing Group, Practical Neurology, 4(19), p. 364-367, 2019

DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2018-002152

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Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease

Journal article published in 2019 by Duncan Street ORCID, Arul Sivaguru, Sreekanth Sreekantam, Susan P. Mollan ORCID
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease is a rare, multisystem, autoimmune disorder with numerous clinical manifestations, mediated through a T-helper 1 response against melanocytes in the eye, inner ear, central nervous system, hair and skin. We describe a 20-year-old British–Honduran man with recent worsening headache and photophobia, vomiting and visual blurring. On examination, his pupils reacted sluggishly and visual acuities were bilaterally reduced. Optical coherence tomography showed gross retinal swelling and neurosensory detachments. MR scan of the brain was normal, but cerebrospinal fluid showed a reactive picture with 258 ×109 lymphocytes./L (normal ≤5×109/L). Following treatment with immunosuppression (prednisolone, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, adalimumab), he made a full recovery. Clinicians should consider Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in patients presenting with headache with acute profound visual loss. A prompt diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to complete resolution.