Studying offspring of depressed mothers is a promising strategy for elucidating factors that contribute to depression onset, given that these offspring are 3 to 6 times more likely to develop depression than are their low-risk peers. In this article, we briefly describe representative findings from studies of younger and older offspring of depressed mothers and identify factors that have garnered the most consistent empirical support across development. We discuss what these studies can and cannot tell us about mechanisms that might underlie the intergenerational transmission of risk for depression regardless of the age of offspring being studied. Finally, in light of limitations of this literature, we offer recommendations for future research.