ABSTRACT The presence of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) sequences was demonstrated for the first time in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; these sequences have been found in transcribed regions of the chromosomes of gram-negative bacteria. In this study genetic diversity among clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis was determined by PCR with ERIC primers (ERIC-PCR). The study isolates comprised 71 clinical isolates collected from Sardinia, Italy. ERIC-PCR was able to identify 59 distinct profiles. The results obtained were compared with IS 6110 and PCR-GTG fingerprinting. We found that the level of differentiation obtained by ERIC-PCR is greater than that obtained by IS 6110 fingerprinting and comparable to that obtained by PCR-GTG. This method of fingerprinting is rapid and sensitive and can be applied to the study of the epidemiology of M. tuberculosis infections, especially when IS 6110 fingerprinting is not of any help.