American Society for Cell Biology, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 1(26), p. 134-150
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Flippases that catalyze interleaflet lipid transfer, as well as the stimulatory protein kinase Fpk1, localize to the shmoo tip. Although viable and near-normal morphologically, cells lacking these flippases fail to respond to pheromone due to derangements in PtdIns(4,5)P2 localization, with ensuing effects on the level and/or function of MAPK scaffold protein Ste5.