Background: The prevalence of e-cigarette use among youth is on the rise and may be associated with adolescents’ limited knowledge of the health effects of these products. We examined how demographics and socioeconomic status (SES) are correlated with the perceived health risks of e-cigarettes among youth. Methods: Data from a national online survey of youth aged 13-18 in 2017, weighted to be representative of the overall U.S. population in age, sex, race, ethnicity, and region were analyzed. Differences in perceived health risks of nicotine and other chemicals provided by vaping were addressed with respect to the demographics and SES of the participants, taking into account their e-cigarette use status. Results: Among 3,174 participants, 56.5% were female, 19.3% Hispanics and 14.7% non-Hispanic Blacks. Indicators of low SES [family receiving public assistance (PA) or participating in free school lunch program] were seen in 50.2%. With adjustment for e-cigarette use status in multivariable regression models, perceived health risks from the contents of e-cigarettes differed by gender, age, place of residence, and SES status. For example, the odds of perceiving harm from nicotine in e-cigarette products was 1.6 times higher in girls than in boys; the same odds was lower by 27% for those in families receiving government PA compared to those in families that did not. A parent’s education level also significantly influenced their child’s perception of the harm of the contents of e-cigarette products ( see Figure ). Conclusions: For youth, the perceived health risks of nicotine, toxins or chemicals in e-cigarette products were significantly different by age, gender, race/ethnicity, and SES. The findings may have relevance for developing communications and education strategies targeting specific youth audiences, especially those in vulnerable groups. These strategies could improve awareness among youth concerning the health effects of e-cigarettes, helping to prevent or reduce e-cigarette use.