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American Physiological Society, American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 6(299), p. L905-L914, 2010

DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00094.2010

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A tandem repeat of a fragment of Listeria monocytogenes internalin B protein induces cell survival and proliferation

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is critical for tissue homeostasis and repair in many organs including the lung, heart, kidney, liver, nervous system, and skin. HGF is a heterodimeric protein containing 20 disulfide bonds distributed among an amino-terminal hairpin, four kringle domains, and a serine protease-like domain. Due to its complex structure, recombinant production of HGF in prokaryotes requires denaturation and refolding, processes that are impractical for large-scale manufacture. Thus, pharmaceutical quantities of HGF are not available despite its potential applications. A fragment of the Listeria monocytogenes internalin B protein from amino acids 36–321 (InlB36–321) was demonstrated to bind to and partially activate the HGF receptor Met. InlB36–321has a stable β-sheet structure and is easily produced in its native conformation by Escherichia coli . We cloned InlB36–321(1×InlB36–321) and engineered a head-to-tail repeat of InlB36–321with a linker peptide (2×InlB36–321); 1×InlB36–321and 2×InlB36–321were purified from E. coli . Both 1× and 2×InlB36–321activated the Met tyrosine kinase. We subsequently compared signal transduction of the two proteins in primary lung endothelial cells. 2×InlB36–321activated ERK1/2, STAT3, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathways, whereas 1×InlB36–321activated only STAT3 and ERK1/2. The 2×InlB36–321promoted improved motility compared with 1×InlB36–321and additionally stimulated proliferation equivalent to full-length HGF. Both the 1× and 2×InlB36–321prevented apoptosis by the profibrotic peptide angiotensin II in cell culture and ex vivo lung slice cultures. The ease of large-scale production and capacity of 2×InlB36–321to mimic HGF make it a potential candidate as a pharmaceutical agent for tissue repair.