Published in

The Company of Biologists, Journal of Cell Science, 2016

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.187112

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Trafficking of MHC molecules to the cell surface creates dynamic protein patches

Journal article published in 2016 by Daniel Blumenthal ORCID, Michael Edidin, Levi A. Gheber ORCID
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Major Histocompatibility Complex class I molecules, MHC-I signal infection or transformation by engaging receptors on T lymphocytes. The spatial organization of MHC-I on the plasma membranes is important for this engagement. We and others have shown that MHC-I molecules, like other membrane proteins, are not uniformly distributed, but occur in patches in the plasma membrane. Here we describe the temporal details of MHC-I patch formation and combine them with the spatial details, which we have described earlier, to yield a comprehensive quantitative description of patch formation. MHC-I is delivered to the plasma membrane in Clathrin-coated vesicles, arriving at a rate of ∼2.5 X 10−3 μm−1 min−1 (or ∼2 arrivals per minute over the whole cell). The vesicles dock and fuse at non-random, apparently targeted, locations on the membrane and the newly-delivered MHC-I molecules form patches a few 100's of nm in diameter. The patches are maintained at steady state by a dynamic equilibrium between the rate of delivery and the rate of hindered (by components of the actin cytoskeleton) diffusion of MHC-I molecules out of the patches.