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SAGE Publications, Environment and Behavior, 6(50), p. 599-625, 2017

DOI: 10.1177/0013916517710077

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The Soothing Sea: A Virtual Coastal Walk Can Reduce Experienced and Recollected Pain

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) distraction has become increasingly available in health care contexts and is used in acute pain management. However, there has been no systematic exploration of the importance of the content of VR environments. Two studies tested how interacting with nature VR influenced experienced and recollected pain after 1 week. Study 1 ( n = 85) used a laboratory pain task (cold pressor), whereas Study 2 ( n = 70) was a randomized controlled trial with patients undergoing dental treatment. In Study 1, nature (coastal) VR reduced both experienced and recollected pain compared with no VR. In Study 2, nature (coastal) VR reduced experienced and recalled pain in dental patients, compared with urban VR and standard care. Together, these data show that nature can improve experience of health care procedures through the use of VR, and that the content of the VR matters: Coastal nature is better than urban.