Published in

American Institute of Physics, Journal of Applied Physics, 20(122), p. 204102

DOI: 10.1063/1.4989759

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Ferroelastic behavior across the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition region of NKN-based lead-free ferroelectrics

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

In this study, the macroscopic mechanical behavior was characterized as a function of temperature (−150 °C to 400 °C) for polycrystalline (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 with three dopant concentrations. Dopants can improve certain electromechanical properties and, in the case of NKN and Li+, shift the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition temperature to lower temperatures. In this study, the mechanical behavior of undoped NKN, LNKN6 with 6 mol. % Li+, and LNKN6 with additional dopants was characterized and compared with the temperature dependent dielectric response and crystal structure. During mechanical loading, the samples showed a nonlinear hysteretic response. At low temperatures, this is understood to be due to ferroelasticity. At temperatures in the vicinity of the orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition temperature, a closed hysteresis behavior was observed, corresponding to a local maximum of the critical ferroelastic stress and a minimum in the remanent strain. The observed closed hysteresis behavior is suggested to be due to a stress-induced structural phase transformation.