Significance A biogeochemical connection between the atmosphere and the ocean is demonstrated whereby a marine source of oxygenated volatile organic compounds is identified. Compounds of this type are involved in the formation of secondary organic aerosol, which remains one of the most poorly understood components of Earth’s climate system due in part to the diverse sources of its volatile organic compound precursors. This is especially the case for marine environments, where there are more oxygenated volatile organic compounds than can be accounted for by known sources. Although it was observed in the summertime Arctic, this connection may be widespread and important to our understanding of secondary organic aerosol in other remote marine environments, with implications for our understanding of global climate.