Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). One of the most important pathophysiological mechanisms for CVD in patients with CKD is the widespread and possibly accelerated formation of atherosclerotic plaques due to hyperlipidemia, uremic toxins, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Recent studies showed that the level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increases, and that high-­density lipoprotein cholesterol dysfunction occurs as kidney function declines and inflammation becomes more prevalent. In this review, we aimed to discuss the effect of kidney dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation on lipid ­profile.