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Karger Publishers, Molecular Syndromology, 4(8), p. 172-178, 2017

DOI: 10.1159/000472408

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Barber-Say Syndrome and Ablepharon-Macrostomia Syndrome: A Patient's View

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Barber-Say syndrome (BSS) and ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome (AMS) are infrequently reported congenital malformation disorders caused by mutations in the <i>TWIST2</i> gene. Both are characterized by abnormalities in ectoderm-derived structures and cause a very unusual morphology of mainly the face in individuals with otherwise normal cognition and normal physical functioning. We studied the impact that the presence of BSS and AMS has on psychosocial functioning of affected individuals and their families, using their point of view to start with. We tabulated frequently asked questions from affected individuals and families, and a parent of an affected child and an affected adult woman offered personal testimonies. We focused on perception of illness, body satisfaction, and the consequences for an otherwise normal individual who has a disorder that interferes with body image. The importance of paying particular attention to the management of both the physical appearance and the consequences of these entities on the quality of life is stressed by the affected individuals themselves.