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Elsevier, The Lancet, 10091(390), p. 231-266, 2017

DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30818-8

Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, 2017

DOI: 10.17863/cam.17002

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Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Journal article published in 2017 by Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, G. Temam Shifa, Ryan M. Barber, Job Fm M. Van Boven, Foad Abd-Allah, Nancy Fullman, Abdishakur M. Abdulle, Ahmed Abdulahi Abdurahman, Semaw Ferede Abera, Biju Abraham, Girmatsion Fisseha Abreha, Reed Jd D. Sorensen, Kelemework Adane, Ademola Lukman Adelekan, Ifedayo Morayo O. Adetifa and other authors.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

Results Between 1990 and 2015, nearly all countries and territories saw their HAQ Index values improve; nonetheless, the difference between the highest and lowest observed HAQ Index was larger in 2015 than in 1990, ranging from 28.6 to 94.7. Out of 195 geographies, 167 had statistically significant increases in HAQ Index levels since 1990, with South Korea, Turkey, Peru, China, and the Maldives recording among the largest gains by 2015. Performance on the HAQ Index and individual causes showed distinct patterns by region and level of development, yet substantial heterogeneities emerged for several causes, including cancers among highest-SDI countries; chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diarrhoeal diseases, and lower respiratory infections among middle-SDI countries; and measles and tetanus among lowest-SDI countries. While the global HAQ Index average rose from 40.7 (95% uncertainty interval, 39.0–42.8) in 1990 to 53.7 (52.2–55.4) in 2015, far less progress occurred in narrowing the gap between observed HAQ Index values and maximum levels achieved; at the global level, the difference between the observed and frontier HAQ Index only decreased from 21.2 in 1990 to 20.1 in 2015. If each country and territory had achieved the highest observed HAQ Index by their corresponding level of SDI, the global average would have been 73.8 in 2015. Several countries, particularly in eastern and western sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, reached HAQ Index values similar to or beyond their development levels, whereas others, namely in southern sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and South Asia, lagged behind what geographies of similar development attained between 1990 and 2015.