The water-soluble fluorine, pH, exchangeable acid, exchangeable cation content of soil from typical tea gardens in Qingdao and its fluoride content in tea were determined. We studied the correlation between fluoride content in tea and the soil properties, and analyzed the main influencing factors of soil water-soluble fluorine and exchangeable acid. The results showed that the water-soluble fluorine of tea garden soil and exchangeable acid were positively correlated with tea fluoride content, which are the main factors affecting the fluorine content in tea. Soil exchangeable H+ and Na+ were positively correlated with soil water-soluble fluorine, which are the main factors affecting the soil water-soluble fluorine. Soil exchangeable acid was positively correlated with exchangeable Al3+, and negatively correlated with pH, exchangeable Ca2+, exchangeable base amount and base saturation, which are the main factors affecting the soil exchangeable acid. The results can provide the bases for tea garden soil improvement and reduce the quality and safety risk of tea fluorine.