The recently launched H2020 project URBANFLUXES (URBan ANthrpogenic heat FLUX from Earth observation Satellites) investigates the potential of EO to retrieve anthropogenic heat flux, as a key component in the Urban Energy Budget (UEB). URBANFLUXES advances existing Earth Observation (EO) based methods for estimating spatial patterns of turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes, as well as urban heat storage flux at city scale and local scale. Independent methods and models are engaged to evaluate the derived products and statistical analyses provide uncertainty measures. Optical, thermal and SAR data are exploited to improve the accuracy of the UEB components spatial distribution calculation. Synergistic use of different types and of various resolution EO data allows estimates in local and city scale. Ultimate goal of the URBANFLUXES is to develop a highly automated method for estimating UEB components to use with Copernicus Sentinel data, enabling its integration into applications and operational services.