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Nature Research, Nature Communications, 1(5), 2014

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4979

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Long non-coding RNAs and enhancer RNAs regulate the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human monocytes

Journal article published in 2014 by Nicholas E. IIott, IIott Ne, Nicholas E. Ilott, James A. Heward, Heward Ja, Benoit Roux, Eleni Tsitsiou, Fenwick Ps, Peter S. Fenwick, Luca Lenzi, Ian Goodhead, Christiane Hertz-Fowler ORCID, Andreas Heger ORCID, Neil Hall, Donnelly Le and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

AbstractEarly reports indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel regulators of biological responses. However, their role in the human innate immune response, which provides the initial defence against infection, is largely unexplored. To address this issue, here we characterize the long non-coding RNA transcriptome in primary human monocytes using RNA sequencing. We identify 76 enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), 40 canonical lncRNAs, 65 antisense lncRNAs and 35 regions of bidirectional transcription (RBT) that are differentially expressed in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Crucially, we demonstrate that knockdown of nuclear-localized, NF-κB-regulated, eRNAs (IL1β-eRNA) and RBT (IL1β-RBT46) surrounding the IL1β locus, attenuates LPS-induced messenger RNA transcription and release of the proinflammatory mediators, IL1β and CXCL8. We predict that lncRNAs can be important regulators of the human innate immune response.