Published in

National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 45(105), p. 17453-17456, 2008

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805638105

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Extensive genomic copy number variation in embryonic stem cells

Journal article published in 2008 by Qi Liang, Nathalie Conte ORCID, William C. Skarnes, Allan Bradley
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Recent analysis of the human and mouse genomes has revealed that highly identical duplicated elements account for >5% of the sequence content. These elements vary in copy number between individuals. Copy number variations (CNVs) contribute significantly to genetic differences among individuals and are increasingly recognized as a causal factor in human diseases with different etiologies. In inbred mouse strains, CNVs have been fixed by inbreeding, but they are highly variable among strains. Within strains, de novo germ-line CNVs can occur, leading to interindividual variation. By analyzing the genome of clonal isolates of mouse ES cells derived from common parental lines, we have uncovered extensive and recurrent CNVs. This variation arises during mitosis and can be cotransmitted into the mouse germ line along with engineered alleles, contributing to genetic variability. The frequency and extent of these genomic changes in ES cells suggests that all somatic tissues in individuals will be mosaics composed of variants of the zygotic genome. Human ES (hES) cells and derived somatic lineages may be similarly affected, challenging the concept of a stable somatic genome.