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New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk

Journal article published in 2010 by Yvonne, Mandy van Hoek, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Josee Dupuis, Claudia Langenberg, Inga Prokopenko ORCID, Anne U. Jackson, Richa Saxena, Nicole L. Glazer, Maria Teresa Martinez-Larrad, Reedik Mägi, Anna L. Gloyn, Toby Johnson, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Reedik Mägi and other authors.
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes. ; Josée Dupuis . Lyle J Palmer . et al.