This chapter focuses on the issue of global competitiveness of the economies, based on the dimensions analyzed by the World Economic Forum in assessing the economic competitiveness of a large sample of countries. From the different stages of development of the countries, the study aims to help us to understand what pillars contribute most to the global competitiveness. Results based on structural equation model show what dimensions within each economic development stage best explain the competitiveness, helping us to realize even the performance achieved by the most advanced economies. Understanding the association of factor groups, pillars and related items, and levels of competitiveness may help academics to conduct new studies, as well as politicians in the definition of intervention priorities.